Casting-mold.



J. M. ROTH.

CASTING MOLD.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 24. 1915.

1,1 99,427 Patented Sept. 26, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB M. ROTH, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

CASTING-MOLD.

, Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26, 1916.

Application filed November 24, 1915. Serial No. 63,171.

'0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Jason M. ROTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casting-Molds, of Which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to molds of the character described in my application for patent filed March 27, 1915, Serial No. 17,486, molds of this character being used in the process of welding a metal lining of one character upon a metal core of a different character, the composite billet so formed being subsequently drawn, fashioned or shaped into various commercial articles.

In the carrying forward of the process as described in my prior application above referred to, a steel core is disposed within a mold body larger than the core so as to provide a space around the core and molten copper is afterward introduced into the mold to fill up the space around the steel core and become welded thereto.

It is one of the objects of my present invention to provide means permitting the expansion of the steel core when it is surrounded by the molten copper and at the same time provide means for preventing the specific gravity of the molten copper from floating or raising the steel core relative to the copper which surrounds it.

A further object of the invention is to provide acap piece so formed as to center the steel core and hold it centered, but which will permit the pouring of the molten copper into the space around the steel core and which will rise with the expansion of the steel core or billet.

A further object of the invention is to provide in connection with a mold a base of graphite or like refractory material which will support and center the lower end of the core or steel billet and which, when the molten metal is poured into the mold, is so formed as to permit the molten metal to pass beneath the base and thus cause the base and core to move upward together under the 'ac-' tion. of the specific gravity of the molten provision in connection with a mold of the character described and a cap of the character described, a removable head section .50 formed as to permit the upward movement of the cap for a. limited distance under the expansion of the core or billet through the action of the heat of the molten copper.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a mold constructed in accordance with one. form of my invention and showing the head 'iece therein partly in section; Fig. 2 is a ragmentary section taken on a plane at right angles to the plane of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top 7 plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of another form of my invention, the head piece and base being in section; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the lower end of the mold shown in Fig. 4 but showing the manner in which the base and core are raised by flotation; Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of another form of my invention, the head piece being partly broken away; Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a mold showing a core being lowered thereinto; Fig. 9 is a likeview to Fig. 8 but showing the core in a lowered position and a head piece applied thereto.

One form of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 wherein 1O designates the body section of the mold which may bcmade of any suitable material, such as cast iron. steel, carborundum or alundum. The mold is shown as being cylindrical in. form and as ha Vilig its bottom formed with a circular recess 1 which is concentric to the axis of the mold. The side wall of the mold is formed at diametrically opposite points with vertically extending slots 12. Disposed within the body 10 and having sliding engagement at its ends with the wall of the body is a head piece or cap 13 whose form is illustrated in Fig. 3. This head piece or cap is oblong in form and has rounded ends 1-1 which engage the inside face of the wall A i of thecap for sliding movement. The. upper has a width less than that of the cap 13.

- This cap 13 or head piece is ,formed of-fire clay or like material and the lug 16 is of such a height that when the cap orhead piece is in place upon a steel core A the upper end of the lug will be disposed in line with the lower edges of the'vertical slots 12. The under face of the head piece 13 is formed with a seat 17 on the upper end of the core A, this seat of course-being concentric to the axis of the mold, When the core.

A is disposed within the mold andthe head piece 13 is disposed upon the upper end of the core, a bar 18 of graphite is disposed through the sl0ts 12 and rests upon the upper end of the lug 16. With this construction, when molten metal is poured into the.

mold, it will 110W downward intiithe space between the core A and the mold itself. The heat of the mold will cause the core A to expand longitudinally, thus carrying the head,

piece 13, which constitutes a follower, 'up-. ward and carrying the bar 18 upward until the bar 18 engages with the upper ends of the slots 12. The head piece or cap 13 and 1 the bar 18 have a certain predetermined weight, which, bearing against the upper end of the core A, prevents the core rising or attempting to float as it'otherwise would do because of the difierence between the specific ravity ofthe molten copper and the speci c gravity of the core A. The head piece 13 and the bar 18 permit the core to expand however until the bar 18 engages the upper ends of the slots 12. as before stated.

It is to be noted that the :inclined upper faces '15 of the head piece or follower '13 direct the molten metal into. the annular space surrounding the core. A and prevent metal collectingupon or pouring being preeluded by the member 13. Molten metal is v as the mold illustrated in Fig. 1. In these poured into theupper end of the mold at one point on its diameterand the air contained within the space between the core and the mold willpass'out atan opposite point on the diameter of the mold. As the metal collects or rises in the body of the mold the then be rolled and drawn formanufacturej into various commercial articles.

In Figs. 4, 5 and 6, I show' anotherform of mold adapted to attain the-same ends figures 18 designates a mold body of the same character as the mold body which I previously described only this mold-body is not formed with a recess in its bottom.

'Disposed within the body and resting upon. the bottom of the mold is a base 19 of graphiteorlike refractory material. This base is formed'at its center "with a. recess 20 which is concentric .tojthe. mold and in its periphery the base is formedwitha' plurality of vertically disposed grooves 21. The

'coreiA', which may be of steel or other suit able material of'like character, is disposed within. the recess ,;20*or seat. and then a head piece 22 is placed within. the mold, this 'head being. recessed upon its iunder face as at 23 to 1 receive the upper end of the core. This head'has the same form as that illustrated'in Fig. 1,

except that .it is not provided with the upv wardly "extending lug 16 butis formed with the centrally inclinedupper faces 24: whereby. to direct molten metal into the space between the core and the wallof the mold.

\Vith this construction the molten metal is I poured into the mold in'the manner heretofore described-and fills the space between thecore and the mold and-it also flows down by way of'the grooves 21 into the space between the base 19 and the-bottom of the mold. Inasmuch as the head piece 22 can rise, the core A can expand, but-as. the

molten copper flows down beneath the base 19,"the,base 19, the core A and the head .piece 24 willrise together through the mold body 18 and under the actionof the difference betweenthe specific gravity of the copper and the specific gravity of the core I and themembers19 and 22. (See Fig. 6.) =While in the form of my invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 I prevent or resist any elevation'of the core by the weight of the head piece 13 and bar 18, in Fig. 4 I do not resist this tendency of the core to rise but i provide means whereby the base upon which the core restsand the head piece shall rise with the core. The head piece 22, however,

by reason of its weight, will, to a certain extent, resist the tendencyto rise. After the molten metal and the space surrounding the core has cooled and solidified the composite billet may be withdrawn from the mold and the'base and head piece crushed, broken, or otherwise cutaway so as ,to provide the billet having a core of steel or other ferferrous metal, such as copper.;

rous metal and a covering or lining of non- I -In Fig. 7 I Show a slightly difi'erentconstruction from-that shown in Fig. 1. In this case the mold, which is designated 25, has a core seat 26 in its bottom to support the core- A. The mold 25 is of a height less than that of the core. Adapted to bed'isposed upon the upper end of the mold is a headsection 27 which tapers upward slightly wardly and downwardly projecting annu-- larflange 28 which engages snugly over the I 130 upper end of the mold. Any slutable packand whose lower end "is formed with the outi ing material may be disposed between the upper end of the mold and the lower end of the head section 27. The inner face of the head section 27 is annularly recessed at 29 at the lower end of the head section, this recess terminating at its upper end in a shoulder 30. Disposed within this head section 27 and resting upon the core A at the time that the article is to be formed is a head piece or follower 31 recessed upon its under face to form a seat 83 which centers the u per end of the core A, the up er face of this head piece 31 being latera ly and downwardly inclined, ias at 34, ffrom =a middle point, the purpose being, as before explained, to prevent the collection of the molten metal 11 on the upper face of the head piece and irect the molten metal into the space between the core and the wall of the mold. With the construction above described the ex ansion of the core is permitted by the act that the head piece 81 is supported within the annular recess 29 so that it may rise therein until it strikes against the shoulder 30 when its further upward movement is prevented. In this case the annular head section 27 acts as a weight preventing the upward movement of the core and of the head piece 81 due to the difference in the specific gravity of the core and the molten metal surrounc in it. In this case also after the molten meta surrounding the core is solidified, the core is withdrawn and the head piece 81 is broken off.

In Fig. 8 I show still another. application of m invention, wherein 35 designates a mold aving a recess 36 at its lower end. In this case the lower portion of the mold is intended to be filled with molten copper or like metal, designated B, there being, of course, an air space above the molten metal. The core A is then inserted into the mold until it rests at its lower end in the seat 36. The core may be supgorted by means of a magnet C while it is eing inserted, thou h I do not wish to limit myself to this, and the entrance of the core into the molten metal displaces the molten metal and causes it to rise within the member 35 until it fills the mold. When the core has been disposed in its seat the cag piece 37 is placed in the top of the mold an over the core, this cap iece being approximately rectan lar in orm and mving rounded ends fitting against the wall of the mold and having a seat 38 upon its under face concentric to the mold which receives the upper end of the core and centers it. This cap piece is of course broken off, crushed or otherwise disposed of when the composite billet is withdrawn from the mold. This cap piece 37 is also formed with the inclined u per faces in the manner heretofore describ and the cap piece rises as the core A expands.

It will be understood that in all of the different forms of my invention the cap pieces 13, 22, 31 and 37 are formed of clay or like material.

I have found that by the use of the means illustrated I secure a layer or lining of copper which extends a uniform distance along the core and does not extend around in immediate contact with the lower end of the core which would otherwise be the case, due to the floatin of the core with relation to the relatively iieavy molten copper. lly this means, therefore, I secure a more thorough union between the core and the molten copper.

A very important function of the member 18 in Fi 1 and of the shoulder 30 in Fig. 7 is that i? the core A floats upward it cannot float out of the molten metal, nor can it escape at its lower end from the seats 11 and 26, respectively. Thus the core is held centered at all times even though it does float upward to a slight degree. The same is true of the construction shown in Fig. 4. Here, though the core may float to someextent yet it will always be centered because the base 19 will float with the core. If the core is not centered it is obvious that it would be liable to take a position out of alinement with the axis of the mold and thus the coatin or lining of copper around the exterior o the core would not be uniform in thickness. The same is true of the construction' shown in Figs. 8 and 9 wherein the ca piece 37 can move upward to it limits degree but not a suilicient amount to permit the core to esca e from the seat 36 y reason of the use of t e pouring spout 27" which is exactly the same as the member 27 illustrated in Fig. 7 and previously described. In all forms of my invention, therefore, I have provided means for preventing the core from floating out of the centering device to thus secure a uniform thickness of metal around the core.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A mold including a body havin a core seat and being open at its upper en and a head piece having a core seat on its under face and having sliding engagement with the upper end of the mold body, the extent of movement of the head iece with relation to the mold body being iimited in a direction toward the open end of the mold.

2. A mold including a body having a core seat at its lower end and being open at its upper end, and a head piece having a core seat on its under face and having slidin engagement with the upper end of the mol bo said head iece having upwardly and me ially inclined faces.

3. A mold including a body closed at its lower end and having a core seat in said end and being open at its 0 posits end, a head piece having limited sli ing engagement in the mold and in the body and having a core seat on its under face, said head extending partly across the diameter of the mold whereby to leave a pouring opening, the depth of the first-named seat being greater than the amount of movement possible for the said head piece.

4. A mold including a body having a core seat at its lower end and being open at its upper end, and a head piece disposed within the body and havin a core seat upon its under face, the head piece being freely movable throu h the body, said head piece being substantia y rectangular in form and having its upper surface inclined upwardly and medially.

5. A mold of the character described including a body having a core seat at its lower end and open at its upper end, a head piece vertically movable within the body and having a core seat on its under face, said head piece bein rectangular in plan and havin a width fisss than the diameter of the b0 y and having an upwardly and medially inclined upper surface.

6. A mold including a body having a cor seat at its lower end and open at its upper end, a head piece havin a core seat on its under face and dispose in said mold for free vertical movement, and means for limiting the upward movement of the head piece.

7. A mold including a body having a core seat in its lower end and having an openin at its upper end, and a. head piece dispose within the mold for vertical movement and 00p! of this patent may be obtained or adapted t having a core seat on its under face, said head piece having a weight tending to resist flotation of the core under the action of molten metal disposed within the mold and surroundin the core.

8. A mold inc uding a body having a core seat in its lower end and having an opening at its upper end, a head piece disposed within the mold for vertical movement and having a core seat on its under face, said head piece having a weight tending to resist flotation of the core under the action of molten metal disposed within the mold and surrounding the core, and means permitting limited upward movement of the lead piece under the expansion of the core.

9. The combination with a mold,of means for centering a core within the mold and holding it centered at all times upon the upward flotation of the core when fluid metal is disposed around it.

10. The combination with a mold having a core centering seat at its lower end and cpport a core concentrically of a core centering member within the mold engagin with the upper end of the core and move le therewith for a limited distance to permit expansion of the core, the depth of the first-named seat beinpigreater than the amount of movement 860381 e for the upper core centering mem- In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

0 s11 withln the mol JACOB M. ROTH.

five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner 0! Patcntn,

Washington. D. 0." 

